• br Conflicts of interest br Acknowledgments br Significance

  2025-01-14

  

  Conflicts of interest Acknowledgments Significance Introduction Androgen receptor (AR) plays a paramount role in the onset and progression of prostate cancer (PC) (Burnstein, 2005, Lonergan and Tindall, 2011, Watson et al., 2015). This very facet underlies androgen deprivation therapy (A

• br Brain Angiotensin II receptors The information above leav

  2025-01-13

  

  Brain Angiotensin II receptors The information above leaves Angiotensin II receptors as the only RAAS components for which localization, regulation of expression and function in the Pam2CSK4 synthesis has been convincingly demonstrated, with the use of quantitative film and emulsion autoradiogra

• These findings suggest that eventually more than one lipoxyg

  2025-01-13

  

  These findings suggest that eventually more than one 12/15-lipoxygenase isoform may play a role in human atherosclerosis. Humans have two 12-lipoxygenases and two 15-lipoxygenases which show different expression patterns, substrate specificities and stereo-selective metabolism [1]. However, in imida

• br Conclusions br Conflict of interest br Introduction Plant

  2025-01-13

  

  Conclusions Conflict of interest Introduction Plants often encounter a series of abiotic stresses during the growth process, including high salinity, extreme temperatures and drought (Knight and Knight, 2001). Plants can adapt through ionic and osmotic homeostasis or osmotic adjustment, co

• Previous work established interactions between CRF and KOR s

  2025-01-13

  

  Previous work established interactions between CRF and KOR systems in regulating attention (39). The CRF antagonist ANT attenuated, but did not completely reverse, the effects of PACAP (.5 µg) and did not have any effects on its own (Table 2). There were no significant differences in performance amo

• In recent years there have been

  2025-01-13

  

  In recent years, there have been further significant developments that enhance an understanding of the role of adenosine in nociception. Thus, novel methods of recruiting adenosine A1Rs have been developed, and the role of adenosine A2A- and A3Rs in nociception has been further elaborated. Furthermo

• Introduction Myasthenia gravis MG is an autoimmune disorder

  2025-01-13

  

  Introduction Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness, which is mainly due to autoantibodies reducing the number or function of postsynaptic rhodamine 123 receptors (AChRs) [1], [2]. Animal models have been developed to uncover the immunopathogenesis of MG.

• Osteocytes the most abundant cells

  2025-01-13

  

  Osteocytes, the most abundant cells in an adult skeleton, are essentially mature osteoblasts that are surrounded by the products they secreted (Noble and Reeve, 2000). Osteocytes serve as mechanosensors that direct bone remodeling and that regulate the activities of osteoblasts and osteoclasts (Bone

• br Acknowledgements This work is sponsored by the

  2025-01-10

  

  Acknowledgements This work is sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 31201963) and Youth Backbone Teachers Project in Henan Province Department of Education, China (grant no. 2016GGJS-061). Introduction Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant disord

• Wound healing without blastema formation

  2025-01-10

  

  Wound healing without blastema formation causes partial restoration of lost tissue, and gives rise to fibrotic scars. Healing by fibrotic scarring rather than by regeneration leads to tissue dysfunction, and can place a huge burden for the health of the animal [4]. Therefore, understanding the molec

• br Angiogenesis as a critical event in diabetic retinopathy

  2025-01-10

  

  Angiogenesis as a critical event in diabetic retinopathy Angiogenesis refers to the abnormal proliferation of blood vessels during various pathological conditions. It acquires the stature of being one of the most detrimental events responsible for the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Angiogen

• The lack of specific PARP inhibitors prevents our understand

  2025-01-10

  

  The lack of specific PARP inhibitors prevents our understanding of how TIPARP or perhaps other PARPs affect AHR signaling. Current inhibitors are based on NAM and were designed to inhibit PARP1 [59]. Many of them do not effectively inhibit mono-ADP-ribosyltransferases and their ability to inhibit TI

• Though we have proved that VA could suppress

  2025-01-10

  

  Though, we have proved that VA could suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis, the mechanisms of VA on gluconeogenesis in vivo and in vitro remain unclear. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which is called an energy receptor enzyme, is widely expressed in liver and other tissues [23]. AMPK has become ano

• br Conflict of interest br Financial support br

  2025-01-10

  

  Conflict of interest Financial support Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Japanese Millennium project. We thank all members of the Center for Genomic Medicine of RIKEN and Dainippon-Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. for supporting this study. We are also grateful to members of the Hiros

• Merimepodib br Introduction Myasthenia gravis MG is

  2025-01-10

  

  Introduction Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease in which antibodies against targets on the postsynaptic muscle membrane cause neuromuscular transmission failure. About 85% of patients with MG have autoantibodies against Merimepodib receptor (AChR) [1]. In AChR negative MG patients a

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